Soil Pollution - Definition, Causes, Types, Effects, and Control

What is soil pollution:-

Like air and water, soil is also an important factor for living beings, soil supports the vegetation on which entire living organisms depend. Soil also gets polluted like air and water. With the increase of population, there is more requirrment of food and thus extensive cultivation of land. For higher productivity more chemical fertilizers are used. Different kinds of pesticides, herbicides and insecticides are used to protect these crops, which lead to loss of productivity of soil in long run.
They kill the soil organism and are also poisonous to the agriculture.therefore, incrased agriculture has created an imbalance in nature. Soil erosion , unplanned irrigations, overgrazing, deforestation and other defective agricultural practices lead to formation of deserts. Disposal of solid wastes, both domestic and industrial, results in soil pollution. the domestic waste included Garbage, broken bottle, glass, plastic materials,paper pieces, cloth rags etc,; while industrial wastes are iron scraps, packing materials, old tyres and tubes etc.

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Causes of soil pollution:-

We can classify major sources that lead to soil following categories.


1. Mining
2. Sewage waste
3. Household Garbage
4. Industrial waste

Effects of soil pollution:-

1.The land can't be construct house.
2. Man can't be farming.
3. Ground water will gets affected
4. House hold garbage like putting plastics.

Prevention of soil pollution:-

1. More and more soil should be brought under farming.
2. Tress should be planted everywhere.
3.Waste matter should be disposed immediately.
4. Avoid drilling the land for more underground water.
5. Avoid using more fertilizers and pesticides.